ANALISIS BIAYA VANKOMISIN DAN TIGESIKLIN PADA PNEUMONIA GRAM POSITIF RSUD PROF. DR. MARGONO SOEKARJO

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is an acute respiratory tract infection primarily caused by bacteria and remains one of the leading causes of hospital admission. Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay of pneumonia management; however, irrational antibiotic selection can lead to antimicrobial resistance, increased treatment costs, and prolonged hospital stays. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the AWARE classification (Access, Watch, Reserve) as a framework to promote more prudent antibiotic use.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of antibiotic use among pneumonia patients at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Regional Hospital, Purwokerto, using Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA).

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using medical records of pneumonia patients admitted between July and December 2024 at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Regional Hospital. Data were collected through purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria. Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed using the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) and Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) approaches.

Results: The ACER for vancomycin was Rp106,030.78 per day, compared to Rp557,913.83 per day for tigecycline. The ICER value of Rp2,320,718.15 per day indicates the additional cost required to achieve one additional unit of effectiveness with tigecycline relative to vancomycin.

Conclusion: Vancomycin therapy demonstrated greater cost-effectiveness than tigecycline in the treatment of pneumonia.

Recommendations: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the clinical effectiveness and cost efficiency of both therapeutic options, supporting evidence-based and rational decision-making in clinical practice. Further similar studies are needed to generate additional data to inform healthcare providers and improve patient outcomes.